CAT — Common Admission Test

This reading comprehension question asks what the Kesavananda Bharati case established, based on the passage. The passage explicitly states that in 1973, the Supreme Court established the 'basic structure' doctrine, which holds that while Parliament can amend the Constitution, it cannot alter its basic features. This doctrine acts as a constraint on amendments. Reviewing the options: A (judicial supremacy) overstates the scope, as it's about amendments, not all legislation. B (unlimited amending power) contradicts the passage. C (right to constitutional review) is too vague and not specific to the case. D (basic structure doctrine) directly matches the passage's description. Thus, option D is correct, as it accurately reflects the case's establishment of limits on Parliament's amending power. Reading comprehension questions require distinguishing between what the passage explicitly states and what can be logically inferred. For inference questions, the correct answer must be necessarily true based on passage content, not merely plausible. Eliminate options that go beyond the passage's scope, contradict stated information, or represent the author's claims too strongly or too weakly. Pay close attention to qualifying words like 'all,' 'some,' 'never,' and 'always,' which can make otherwise reasonable answers incorrect.